Japan vs Spain for Expats (2026)

Spain scores higher overall for expats based on cost of living (index 41.5 vs 49.4), visa accessibility, salary potential, and expat satisfaction rankings.

Data last verified: 2026

56🇯🇵 Japan
61🇪🇸 Spain

Spain comes out ahead

Expat Satisfaction
🇯🇵 Japan
#37/53
🇪🇸 Spain
#5/53
Path to PR
🇯🇵 Japan
10 years
🇪🇸 Spain
5 years
Path to Citizenship
🇯🇵 Japan
5 years
🇪🇸 Spain
10 years
Language Requirement
🇯🇵 Japan
N/A
🇪🇸 Spain
A2 Spanish

Key Stats

Metric🇯🇵 Japan🇪🇸 SpainWinner
Cost of Living
41.5
49.4
Japan
Visa Accessibility
6 pathways
6 pathways
Too close to call
Salary Potential
€33,000
€28,000
Japan
Path to PR
10 years
5 years
Spain
Path to Citizenship
5 years
10 years
Japan
Language Requirement
N/A
A2 Spanish
Japan
Expat Satisfaction
#37/53
#5/53
Spain
Visa Processing Speed
8 weeks avg
7 weeks avg
Too close to call

Cost of Living Breakdown

CategoryJapan (Tokyo)Spain (Madrid)
Cost of Living
54.2
60
Rent
25.8
36.2
Groceries
62.9
56.1
Restaurants
35.4
63.4
Purchasing Power
117.8
104.1

Based on aggregated cost-of-living data from multiple public sources, 2026. Index relative to New York City (100).

Language Requirements

Japan

For PR: Japanese
For Citizenship:B2 Japanese
Accepted exams:JLPT
Find a Japanese tutor

Spain

For PR:A2 Spanish
For Citizenship:A2 Spanish
Accepted exams:DELE A2, CCSE
Find a Spanish tutor

Frequently Asked Questions

Is Japan or Spain cheaper to live in?

Japan has a cost of living index of 41.5 compared to Spain's 49.4 (NYC = 100). That makes Japan roughly 16% more affordable for everyday expenses including rent.

Which has easier immigration, Japan or Spain?

Japan offers 6 non-tourist visa pathways while Spain offers 6. Average processing time is 8 weeks for Japan and 7 weeks for Spain.

Do I need to speak the local language to get residency in Japan or Spain?

Japan requires None required for permanent residency. Spain requires A2 Spanish. Language proficiency can also affect your citizenship timeline.

How long does it take to get permanent residency in Japan vs Spain?

Japan requires 10 years of continuous residence for PR. Spain requires 5 years. Both timelines start from the date your first residence permit is issued.

What are salaries like in Japan compared to Spain?

The median skilled worker salary is €33,000 per year in Japan and €28,000 per year in Spain. Cost of living differences mean purchasing power varies significantly.

Can I work remotely in Japan or Spain?

Japan offers a digital nomad or remote worker visa pathway. Spain offers a digital nomad or remote worker visa pathway.

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How we compare countries

Rankings based on publicly available cost-of-living indices (NYC=100 baseline), government-published visa requirements, OECD salary statistics, and expat satisfaction survey results. All data sourced from official government agencies, international organizations, and public databases.

Japan vs Spain: Complete Expat Comparison 2026 | LottaLingo